The Woodland, Flora & Fauna Group is a volunteer organisation dedicated to protecting local countryside and wildlife, and we would like invite you to a Special Talk to be given by the renowned author and woodland ecologist, Keith Kirby. It is entitled ‘Woodland Flowers’.

It will take place on Wednesday, 20th August at 7.30 pm in the Main Hall at Hurstpierpoint Village Centre, Trinity Road, Hurstpierpoint, BN6 9UY.

Keith Kirby is a visiting researcher at the Department of Plant Sciences at the University of Oxford, who previously worked as a woodland ecologist with the government conservation agencies, Nature Conservancy Council, English Nature and Natural England. He was awarded the Royal Forestry Society Gold Medal for Distinguished Services to Forestry in 2011 and the CIEEM Medal for his outstanding lifelong contribution to the advancement of ecology, forestry and woodland management in 2014. He has written widely for journals, the press, and is author of many books.

Come and hear this inspiring talk about his exploration of how the woodland plants of Great Britain have come to be where they are, have coped with living in the shade of their bigger relatives, and responded to the continuous threats posed by storms, fires, floods, grazing herbivores and changing seasons. This talk is highly informative to all who value nature and is of special interest to those who appreciate and wish to learn more about British woodland and its flora.

This presentation has been arranged as one of our series of special nature talks held each year, which provide public learning opportunities that do not come very often, so please join us to hear from a leading authority in this field. It will immediately follow a brief introduction by The Woodland, Flora & Fauna Group, the organisers of the evening, who use these events with distinguished speakers, to generate any voluntary donations people can spare to support their nature conservation work around Mid Sussex. The natural world is struggling to survive and needs all the help it can get, so any help received is invaluable.

Entry is free and all are welcome. There is a car park opposite the building.

Michael Nailard.

Our year began as normal, with our attention focussed on maintaining our huge installation of barn owl and tawny owl boxes which are installed throughout Southern Mid Sussex. This year the weather was unusually wet for the first few months of 2025 and finding dry intervals in which we could carry out this work were few and far between. Often we had to resort to snatching at any moving dry interval that appeared, and try to recruit available volunteers to capitalise on it.

This made the exercise a prolonged one, and one which was subjected to increasing pressure to get it completed before the breeding season in late spring. When the owls begin breeding, we have to cease any maintenance work so that they are not disturbed.

The maintenance task is a hard one, and one that involves transporting considerable equipment and ladders on a hand-cart across wet and soggy fields for great distances. For this terrain just walking is not easy, and pulling this heavy weight requires a team of volunteers to achieve.

 Each site is visited…..

….and every box is cleaned out and maintained.

The amount of cleaning out required…..

….depends on who has occupied it. This one had been utilised by visiting hornets. If squirrels or jackdaws have nested in them, a major effort is required to clear the resulting debris which can completely fill the whole box.

Usually, any occupying barn owl flies out as we erect the ladder.

 The winter weather can be very cold with biting winds. It therefore relies on dedicated volunteers to undertake it.  

Each person fulfils an interlocking role to ensure the work is completed as quickly as possible.

The team visiting this site were not prepared for their findings in this box.

The whole farm had been subjected to flailing to remove lower branches on every tree to give clearance to large farm machinery. Note the ripped branches remaining around the box.

Although this clearance had missed the box, the regular pair of owls that had been roosting inside…..

….had been so traumatised that they had both died. The bodies were sent for analysis and confirmed this cause of death. This was such a tragic waste of a healthy, breeding pair of barn owls, but one that typifies the many hazards facing these beautiful creatures in their fight for survival, despite all our efforts.

As only one person can be working up the ladder at any time at each location….

….all other members of the team anticipate their next requirement and are ready to hand this up to them.  

This allows the task to be completed more quickly, and reduces the amount of time anybody has to stand around waiting for their next role to be performed. In the bleak mid-winter this is obviously of benefit to all.

Every box is sited in different terrain, and all team members have to be aware of the requirements for safe working, and ensure all items of equipment to facilitate this are transported to every location.

Much work is required to ensure the boxes are maintained in the best condition. We are therefore regularly disheartened when squirrels occupy the boxes, and reduce them to the condition of this tawny owl box pictured above, with their constant gnawing. It also cost us a lot of money for replacements.

When the maintenance was finally finished we then had to install all boxes requiring renewal through deterioration or damage, and those requested by many landowners following our Special Public Talk given by David Ramsden of the Barn Owl Trust last year. Surveys were undertaken by our group for the requested new boxes, but only sites that were compatible with the requirements of owls in terms of surrounding terrain, their ongoing welfare and roosting preferences were selected. No boxes were erected where these parameters were not met, as maximising the survival prospects for these species are paramount in our consideration. All were thanked for their kind gestures of offers of support for owls regardless of the outcome.

The installation work started at a location in Mid Sussex where barn owl eggs had been found last year in a box location which was to be unknowingly compromised by unanticipated activity in the area. This activity had unfortunately resulted in the mother abandoning the nest, causing the eggs to perish. With the activity proving increasingly likely to be repeated, agreement was reached with the landowner for the affected two boxes to be re-located in a more suitable location nearby. This was undertaken by a team of group volunteers before this year’s breeding season, with a lot of valued support from the landowner. We are hopeful that the new location will be perfect for any future breeding to take place without any disturbance.

These were the four barn owl eggs that had been abandoned by the mother last year in one of the boxes we subsequently moved before this year’s breeding season.

The next site was a new location requested for us to survey for installation of one of our boxes by another nature conservation group in Mid Sussex.

Having selected the most suitable site in advance, a volunteer working party began clearance work around the tree to begin installation.

The box was then quickly erected by the experienced team of volunteers…..

….before finally departing to leave the new accommodation for local owls to discover.

We then moved on to another site we had selected for the replacement of established boxes that had become badly damaged in a nearby location. The original site had become a difficult one for the teams to access in safety, so the new ones were fitted in a location very close to it. This box was the first of the pair to be erected. 

This was the location selected for the second box which was effectively mounted by the members of the team. 

 When the work was concluded, the team members departed leaving the new boxes ready for barn owl roosting and breeding in the season ahead.

Afterwards time was taken to make friends with local neighbours.

A further request was received from a local landowner in Hurstpierpoint for a barn owl box to be erected in an agreed suitable location. The team began installing the box on the tree shown above.

The erection was undertaken in managed progressive stages….

….until final completion was achieved.

When finished, the team stood back to appreciate the finished installation….

….before loading all the equipment back onto their vehicles.

The next location requiring attention, was one where the existing landowners had barn owls roosting in boxes in their barn. 

With the barn designated for conversion in the near future, we were asked to install boxes on trees nearby to provide alternative accommodation for the regular owl inhabitants. This was the first tree selected.

The box mounting was speedily completed and we moved on to the second tree.

The second tree required the clearance of a lot of ivy and interfering branches to make it suitable to mount a box.

The team members determinedly undertook the work required….

….and soon the task was finished. We were very grateful to the landowners for their consideration for the welfare of these local barn owls.

Work then shifted to the installation of a number of tawny owl boxes that had been requested by other landowners in our Mid Sussex Conservation Area. This was the first to be erected by team members.

This was the second, which was quickly completed.

A further suitable site was selected and the installation of a third box began.

This was eventually finished….

….and with work completed for that day, the boxes were left to the local tawny owl population to become familiar with.

We returned on a later day to complete a fourth box shown here, that we hadn’t managed to include on the previous visit.

On a further occasion, a volunteer team was assembled again, and two tawny owl boxes were installed for a landowner in a hillside location in our Southern Mid Sussex Owl Conservation Area. This was one of the boxes erected. A considerable amount of time had been spent beforehand on clearing surrounding foliage, to make the location suitable to meet the tawny owl’s requirements. This clearance exercise was also required before the second box could be mounted. 

Further boxes were requested for two landowners in Hassocks. This one was in a woodland where we already had an installation of successful bat boxes. It possessed all the requirements to attract tawny owls. 

The box for the second landowner was mounted in woodland on the tree shown. 

We now wait to see how successful they are in attracting the required residents.

We are still have more boxes to erect and these are being dealt with as soon as possible. We are grateful to all the landowners where the recent new installations have been completed, or have been agreed for future fitting, for donating the cost of the new boxes. This helps us considerably with the costs we already bear for painting them and providing the fixings required. Ongoing cleaning out, maintenance, and inspections are routinely undertaken each year by us to ensure their continued well-being, to provide the maximum benefit for owl re-production and species population survival. With all this nature conservation effort given by volunteers utilising their own time and relying on grants, donations and fund-raising events to undertake it, any financial assistance is greatly appreciated.

We have arranged a public talk on Friday, 30th May 2025 in the Club Suite of the Village Centre, Trinity Road, Hurstpierpoint, BN6 9UY. The speaker is Michael Blencowe the naturalist, author and wildlife guide. The title of his talk is ‘The Wildlife of Sussex’. It commences at 7.30pm.

The diverse habitats of our southern county support a range of amazing species. Michael Blencowe takes you on a guided tour from the rock pools, through the woodlands and up to the South Downs, meeting some amazing wildlife on the way. The talk will follow a brief introduction by The Woodland, Flora & Fauna Group and a quick summary of the work undertaken by the group over the last 12 months.

This talk is to preceded by the group’s AGM commencing at 6.45pm for anyone who wishes to attend earlier to hear about or discuss group activities. There will be an interval with refreshments served between the two events.

We hold talks by informed countryside and wildlife speakers several times a year and use these events to generate any donations people can spare to support our nature conservation work around southern Mid Sussex and adjacent villages. The natural world is struggling to survive and needs all the help it can get, so any help received is invaluable to further this cause in the countryside around us.

The weather has been a problem for all our activities this year. Insufficient notice of dry days in the fluctuating forecast has made all our arrangements a last-minute scramble to organise. Those that we have been bold enough to gamble on for them to remain as predicted dry days, have often had to be cancelled at the last minute prior to the event. Such was our demise with our bat box surveys again this year. Lots of locations to visit and a seasonal deadline to meet, but no obvious dry intervals to undertake them in. This dilemma required last minute working teams to be organised to capitalise on emerging dry intervals. Thanks to the willingness of our volunteers to respond to this situation, we managed to form sufficient teams to complete all of them before the permanent onset of cold, wet, weather. Despite the pessimism we felt beforehand about the weather impacting badly on a successful outcome in terms of bats found, we were pleasantly surprised.

Our seasonal bat surveys began late in our richest location at Talbot Field.

We always begin here to try to obtain sightings of the more uncommon species before the seasonal warmth recedes.

All boxes in this site contain evidence of bat occupancy having occurred at some stage during the summer months.

Once again this year, despite the miserable wet and cool weather, we were rewarded with a box containing three rare Bechstein’s bats.

Last year the early onset of cold conditions prevented their presence in our survey, so we were delighted with finding them again this year.

Whatever the weather, we are always pleased to find the delightful Common Pipistrelles who regularly appear each year. This box contained five.

Two appear in this box above a huge pile of bat droppings which indicate intensive seasonal bat use.

A team of willing volunteers are assembled before each site is visited. Without this valuable help the surveys would not be possible.

Almost all locations reveal box usage by bats of some species.

This box contained a cluster of Common Pipistrelles.

The strong gales experienced throughout the year leave a trail of woodland damage which often makes our progress difficult….

.…but with determination, the team members overcome all obstacles.

It does however, slow progress, which realistically makes only one site location feasible for any chosen day.

These were two further Bechstein’s bats found in another woodland. This was again a site they had used before but were absent from last year due to the cooler conditions.

This box rewarded our effort with three Common Pipistrelles found roosting inside.

We try to disturb them as little as possible to ensure they remain in the positions we find them rather than, as sometimes occurs, they begin crawling towards the doorways. When they do this, extra care has to be taken to gently move them back, so that there is no possibility of trapping them when the door is replaced.

Each tree box is logged and the occupants recorded.

Helpers select specialist roles for themselves….

….and repeat their task every time the ladder sections are moved to a new tree location.

This teamwork is essential to progress the huge annual task these checks create….

….to enable every bat found to be recorded.

The smaller Common Pipistrelles were the most prolific species found….

….but we also found the larger species of Noctule bat in our survey, as shown here.

Noctule bats are one of our largest native bat species with a wingspan up to 460mm. They are fairly common but always a distinctive species to find.

Some of the woodland locations were a ‘nightmare’ to negotiate, with thick bramble understoreys making travelling through them very difficult….

.…and negotiating ladder sections through them almost impossible on some occasions.

This extreme effort expended made every occupied box found a just reward….

….and each occupant a highly prized discovery….

….regardless of species.

This particular woodland, was so thickly populated with bramble understorey and fallen trees that some boxes were difficult to reach….

….taking several hours longer than normal to achieve successful completion.

The recordings of bats found indicated that all were healthy and flourishing well….

….giving us the reassurance that our effort was helping considerably with their conservation.

There were of course some things that depressed us, like this woodcrete bat box found showing evidence of attempted grey squirrel penetration, which made a replacement door necessary on our next visit to make it suitable for bats again.

Generally however, the overall activity was completed successfully….

….thanks to the hard work and dedication of our volunteers who, despite the reduction in available dry days….

….willingly gave up their time to create teams at short notice in order to complete the overall activity before the seasonal deadline. We are very grateful to each of them.

However difficult the weather made the progress of our bat surveys, at least we had some really encouraging finds within them. We rarely get the same satisfaction with the number of dormice found in our many dormouse boxes. This year however, at the end of the year we did find evidence of a dormouse nest within one of the boxes, but no additional evidence of dormouse habitation from food consumed or other indicators. It does give us encouragement to keep our conservation effort going and spurs us on through the many time consuming box surveys where we usually find a wide array of other wildlife species occupying them.

These were some deserted blue tits eggs found this year in a dormouse box. 

Volunteers again gathered on different days, to form teams to check all the boxes in the various locations in our conservation area.

Wood mice nests were found in plenty along with the tit’s nests. 

The team members again selected individual roles to improve the efficiency of the checks. 

This greatly increased our progress around the sites which required crossing several streams and negotiating some difficult terrain.

With many locations allowing only single vehicle access, which made car sharing necessary, the teams had to be small. For some of the larger locations this meant extended survey periods were required. These were some of the volunteers who recently worked through the morning and into mid-afternoon to complete one of the surveys. They are shown having a sit-down break to have lunch midway through the day.

This is a wood mouse captured in one of the boxes. Some boxes contained pairs of mice. 

All nesting material was left in the boxes where wood mice were discovered so that they could continue using it. The mice were either returned to the box or released after the inspection. In all other boxes any old nesting material was removed in readiness for possible later occupancy by dormice. 

This box was found to contain an old dormouse nest although there was no sign of recent occupancy. The find however, reveals to us that however scarce they have become, there is still a local presence to be nurtured.

A new addition found in our boxes in our later surveys this year was the Common Shrew. These delicate creatures were found in two locations, further indicating their value for all species of wildlife.

Adjacent to one of the last boxes examined this year, a woodpecker had been practicing its hole-drilling skills….

….and another box we had found to have been visited by the Grey Squirrel species that plagues all our wildlife projects, and was removed for hopeful repair.

Again we are very grateful for the valued help from our group volunteers who enable all our conservation work to be achieved. Volunteers are essential to assist with installing group wildlife conservation measures and equally so for maintaining their effectiveness with surveys and maintenance.